Staghorn Fern
Also known as
Elkhorn Fern, Antler Fern
Keep this plant’s care guide close at hand.
Get the appAbout Staghorn Fern
Platycerium bifurcatum, commonly known as the staghorn fern, is an epiphytic fern valued for its sculptural fronds and tree-dwelling habit. It forms two distinct frond types: rounded, overlapping shield (sterile) fronds that age to papery brown and hug the mount, and arching, antler-like fertile fronds that stay green and carry spores beneath. In nature it anchors to trunks and branches, trapping leaf litter and moisture to feed a shallow root pad. As a houseplant it is typically mounted on wood or grown in open baskets with sphagnum and coarse bark. It thrives in bright, filtered light, with thorough soakings followed by rapid drying and consistently moderate to high humidity. Good air movement is essential to prevent rot. Given stable warmth and proper care, it can grow into impressive, long-lived specimens and produce offsets (pups) that can be separated and shared.
Taxonomy
Properties & Requirements
How to care for Staghorn Fern
Water
Water by soaking rather than frequent light sprays. Submerge the root pad and moss/mount in room‑temperature rain or filtered water for 10–20 minutes until saturated, then drain thoroughly. In warm, bright conditions, soak weekly; in cooler, shorter days, every 10–14 days often suffices. Mist antler fronds lightly between soakings if humidity is low, but avoid keeping the area behind shield fronds wet. Signs of thirst include drooping, soft fronds; excess water causes blackened bases or persistent sogginess.
Light
Provide bright, indirect light or dappled shade, mimicking canopy conditions. Indoors, place near an east window or a bright north exposure; filtered south or west light is fine if midday sun is softened by sheers. A few hours of gentle morning sun improves vigor, but avoid harsh midday rays that scorch fronds. In too little light, antler fronds elongate and pale; in excessive sun, fronds bleach and tips crisp. Outdoor plants do best under high, broken shade.
Nutrients
As an epiphyte, it is a light but regular feeder during active growth (spring through early autumn). Apply a balanced, urea-free liquid fertilizer at 1/4–1/2 strength every 3–4 weeks, and occasionally alternate with seaweed or fish emulsion for micronutrients. Avoid tucking granular fertilizer beneath the shield fronds; if using slow-release pellets, place a few along the outer edge of the moss or bark. Flush with plain water periodically to prevent salt buildup.
Temperature
Ideal temperatures are 60–80°F (16–27°C) with steady humidity and moving air. It tolerates brief dips to 50°F (10°C) but is not frost-hardy; extended periods below 55°F (13°C) can stunt growth and spot fronds. Above 85–90°F (29–32°C), increase humidity and water frequency while ensuring quick drying to prevent rot. Outdoors, grow in shaded, frost-free sites (USDA 9b–11). Elsewhere, bring indoors before cool nights and keep away from cold drafts or direct blasts from heaters and AC.
