Bird of Paradise
Also known as
Crane Flower, Bird-of-paradise, Strelitzia
Keep this plant’s care guide close at hand.
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Strelitzia reginae, commonly called Bird of Paradise, is a rhizomatous, evergreen perennial native to South Africa prized for its sculptural foliage and avian-like blooms. Clumping stems carry large, leathery, paddle-shaped leaves reminiscent of banana, creating a bold, architectural silhouette indoors or in subtropical gardens. Mature plants (often 3–5 years old) produce striking orange and blue flowers from a horizontal, beak-like spathe, designed for bird pollination in nature. Plants typically reach 1–1.5 m (3–5 ft) tall in containers, higher in the ground. It thrives with abundant light, warmth, and evenly moist but sharply drained soil. As a houseplant, it prefers a snug pot to encourage flowering and appreciates occasional outdoor summering in suitable climates. While moderately drought-tolerant once established outdoors, it performs best with consistent care, seasonal feeding, and good air movement. Indoors, bright exposure and periodic cleaning of leaves help prevent pests and maximize photosynthesis.
Taxonomy
Properties & Requirements
How to care for Bird of Paradise
Water
Water thoroughly when the top 2–5 cm (1–2 in) of soil is dry. Soak the rootball until 10–20% runoff, then empty the saucer to prevent waterlogging. Increase frequency in warm, bright months and reduce in winter, keeping soil slightly drier yet never bone dry. Ensure excellent drainage and a chunky mix to avoid root rot. In-ground plants in mild climates become moderately drought-tolerant once established, but consistent deep watering yields better growth and flowering. Periodically flush to prevent fertilizer salt accumulation.
Light
Needs very bright light to full sun for best flowering. Provide at least 4–6 hours of direct sun (south or west window indoors). East exposures can maintain foliage but may limit blooms; supplement with strong grow lights (30,000–40,000 lux) if needed. In hot, arid climates, offer light afternoon shade to prevent leaf scorch. Insufficient light causes elongated petioles, small leaves, and failure to bloom. Acclimate gradually when moving between shade and high sun.
Nutrients
Feed during active growth (spring through early autumn) with a balanced, complete fertilizer supplying micronutrients. Use a slow‑release granular at label rates in spring, supplemented with a half‑strength liquid 1–2 times monthly. Avoid high salts and overfeeding, which cause leaf tip burn; flush the pot thoroughly every 6–8 weeks to remove buildup. Pause or reduce feeding in winter when growth slows. If leaves pale despite adequate light, consider adding iron or magnesium, and verify pH and root health.
Temperature
Ideal temperatures are 18–29°C (65–85°F) by day with nights 13–18°C (55–65°F). Avoid sustained exposure below 10°C (50°F); brief dips to ~4–5°C (40–41°F) may scorch leaves, and frost can kill foliage. Provide good air circulation but protect from cold drafts and hot, dry blasts from heaters. Outdoors, it’s reliably hardy in USDA Zones 10–12; container plants in cooler regions can summer outside and must be brought in before temperatures fall below ~10°C (50°F).
