Goldenrain tree
Also known as
Goldenraintree, Varnish tree, Chinese lantern tree, Pride of India
Keep this plant’s care guide close at hand.
Get the appAbout Goldenrain tree
Koelreuteria paniculata, commonly called the goldenrain tree, is a small to medium deciduous ornamental in the soapberry family (Sapindaceae). It develops a broad, rounded crown 7–12 m (25–40 ft) tall, with pinnate to bipinnate leaves that emerge bronzy-pink in spring, mature to medium green, and turn yellow in autumn. In early to mid-summer, upright panicles of starry, sulfur-yellow flowers blanket the canopy, often after many trees have finished flowering, extending seasonal interest. These are followed by papery, lantern-like seed capsules that age from green to pink-bronze and tan, persisting into fall and adding texture. The species is notably tolerant of heat, drought, wind, alkaline soils, and urban pollution, making it a reliable choice for streetscapes and lawns. Flowers support bees and other pollinators, and birds may forage on seeds. While adaptable to many soils, it performs best in well-drained sites with full sun. In some regions it self-seeds readily and may become weedy, so monitor volunteers or remove pods to limit spread.
Taxonomy
Properties & Requirements
How to care for Goldenrain tree
Water
Water newly planted trees deeply once or twice weekly during the first growing season, supplying roughly 2.5–4 cm (1–1.5 in) of water per week, depending on rainfall and soil. Aim for slow, thorough soakings that moisten the root zone 20–30 cm (8–12 in) deep, then allow the top few centimeters to dry. Once established (after 2–3 years), water only during extended droughts, focusing on deep, infrequent irrigation. Avoid chronically wet or compacted sites that promote root issues.
Light
Provide full sun for best flowering and dense canopy—at least 6–8 hours of direct light daily. The tree tolerates light, open shade but will bloom less and develop a looser habit. Urban-reflected light and heat are acceptable. Avoid deep shade and narrow courtyards where light is limited; inadequate light reduces floral display and increases lanky, storm-susceptible growth. Maintain a clear canopy around the tree to minimize competition for light.
Nutrients
Goldenrain tree generally needs minimal fertilization. On average or better soils, apply a light dose of a balanced, slow‑release fertilizer (e.g., 8‑8‑8 or 10‑10‑10) in early spring, keeping granules off the trunk. Favor compost and leaf mold over high nitrogen; excessive N encourages lanky growth and fewer flowers. Young or container-grown trees benefit from modest feeding during the first 2–3 years. Always irrigate after fertilizing and avoid fertilizing during summer drought or late fall.
Temperature
Hardy in USDA Zones 5–9. Established trees tolerate winter lows around −23 to −18 °C (−10 to 0 °F); young trees are less hardy and appreciate wind protection. Optimal growth occurs in warm summers (15–32 °C / 60–90 °F). The species handles heat and urban microclimates well but resents prolonged waterlogging in cool soils. In cold regions, plant in spring so roots establish before winter; in hot interiors, provide temporary irrigation during heatwaves.
